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Research Guides

U.S. Energy Law: Electricity

The focus of this guide is the federal regulation of electricity.

Executive Orders (EOs) & Memoranda

Executive orders (EOs) relate to the conduct of government business or to the organization of executive agencies and can be revised, revoked and amended by later EOs. 

Examples:

  • Exec. Order No. 13783, Promoting Energy Independence and Promoting Economic Growth 82 Fed. Reg. 16093 (2017)
  • Exec. Order No. 13604, Improving Performance of Federal Permitting and Review of Infrastructure Projects 77 Fed. Reg. 18885 (2012).

Memoranda, also called Presidential Letters, are generally issued from the President to the heads of executive departments or agencies.

Example:

  • Memorandum of June 7, 2013. Transforming Our Nation’s Electric Grid Through Improved Siting, Permitting, and Review 78 Fed. Reg. 35539 (2013).

Finding Documents by Type

Note: "The HeinOnline database is much more complete than the government-run databases of executive agreements."

Source: Curtis A. Bradley, Jack L. Goldsmith & Oona A. Hathaway, The Failed Transparency Regime for Executive Agreements: An Empirical and Normative Analysis, 134 Harv. L. Rev. 629, 669 (2020). 
 

Note: Check the current status of an Executive Order (E.O.) by using the Executive Order Disposition Tables Historical Index.  Published by the National Archives and Record Administration (NARA), the Disposition Tables list the status of executive orders from 1933 to date. 
 

Find an E.O. using one of the following sources:

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