Clean Water Act (CWA)
A guide to the federal Clean Water Act (CWA).
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Books & Manuals
Additional materials on the Clean Water Act, water law, water rights, and related topics can be located using JACOB, the Library's catalog.
Clean Water Act Essentials by 
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Provides an overview of the CWA, its implementing regulations, historical developments, and the impact of recent critical cases and regulatory developments.
Clean Water Policy and State Choice by 
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Examines the patterns of state program resource distribution using case studies and analysis of state and national program data.
Environmental Law Handbook, 24th ed. by - This link opens in a new window
Provides clear and accessible explanations, expert legal insight into new and evolving regulations, and reliable compliance and management guidance on environmental law including the Clean Water Act.
Evaluating the Water Quality Effects of TMDL Implementation: How States Have Done It and the Lessons Learned by - This link opens in a new window
Highlights the diversity of approaches to evaluating the water quality effects of TMDL implementation, explains some of those methods, and conveys lessons learned. It also details terminology challenges and identifies relevant resource materials.
The Evolving Law and Use of Interstate Compacts, 2d ed. by - This link opens in a new window
Explains the theoretical principles behind interstate compacts: best practices with developing and drafting compacts; practical implications of operating in a compact-regulated environment; and the unique law of interstate compacts, including gaps, conflicts and trends.
Riverflow the Right to Keep Water Instream by - This link opens in a new window
Discusses the diverse and creative ways people are using the law to restore rivers.
Streams of Revenue by - This link opens in a new window
An analysis of stream mitigation banking and the challenges of implementing market-based approaches to environmental conservation.
Water Law in a Nutshell, 6th ed. by - This link opens in a new window
Discusses principal cases and changes in evolving areas like groundwater-surface water conflicts, public recreational uses, instream flow protection, federal water development, takings claims, and water access and equity.
Water Rights and Environmental Regulation: A Lawyer's Guide by - This link opens in a new window
Discusses the federal agencies with major water use impacts, including the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and other agencies whose actions, particularly projects they operate or lands that they manage and regulate, have a considerable impact on state law water rights and the execution of water projects. Environmental laws impacting water rights are also discussed.
Western Water Rights and the U. S. Supreme Court by - This link opens in a new window
Discusses the case of Wyoming v. Colorado(1922). U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Willis Van Devanter, a former Chief Justice of Wyoming, ruled in that state's favor, finding that prior appropriation applied across state lines.
Treatises
Treatises, written by legal scholars and practitioners, provide current, in-depth analysis and commentary on an area of environmental law. Search JACOB, the Library's catalog, to locate treatises which discuss the clean water act and related issues. For example:
- Environmental Law
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- Environmental Law Practice Guide
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- Law of Water Rights & Resources
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- Law of Wetlands Regulation
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- State Environmental Law
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- Treatise on Environmental Law
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- Waters and Water Rights
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U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) Reports
GAO is an independent, nonpartisan auditing arm of Congress. GAO monitors how federal agencies spend and reports on how well government programs and policies are meeting their objectives.
- GAO Reports
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Related Guides
- Clean Water Act Legal Research: Overview
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(Pace Law School Library) - Environmental Law Research Guide
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(Georgetown Law Library) - U.S. Environmental Law
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(GW Law Library) - Water Rights & Resources
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(HeinOnline)